The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) focuses on buildings primarily through the lens of energy efficiency, sustainability, and safety. The Building Technologies Office (BTO) leads efforts to enhance energy efficiency in both residential and commercial structures by developing and deploying advanced building technologies, promoting energy codes and standards, and supporting programs for energy upgrades.
How do buildings use energy?
Buildings use energy for heating and cooling indoor spaces, powering lighting, running appliances and equipment, and supporting daily operations. Larger facilities may also use energy for ventilation, refrigeration, computing systems, and other building services. These energy needs make buildings a key part of overall energy demand.
Why buildings matter
Buildings affect how energy is used across communities, businesses, and public services. Improvements in building design, equipment, and operations can help reduce waste, improve performance, and support more effective energy use over time.